Roy Henry de France, IV

1553 - 1610  (56 years)    Has more than 100 ancestors and more than 100 descendants in this family tree.

• Name	Henry de France
  Prefix	Roy
  Suffix	IV
  Birth	13 Dec 1553	Pau, Béarn,, France
  Gender	Male
  Death	14 May 1610	Paris, Île-de-France, France
  Burial	St. Denis
  Siblings	5 Siblings
  1. Henri de Bourbon,   b. 1551   d. 1553  (Age 2 years) + 2. Roy Henry de France, IV,   b. 13 Dec 1553, Pau, Béarn,, France d. 14 May 1610, Paris, Île-de-France, France  (Age 56 years) ▻ Marguerite de Valois,  m. 18 Aug 1572 ;   Maria di Medici,  m. 27 Dec 1600 ;   Gabrielle d' Estrées;   Marquise Catharine Henriette de Balzac d' Entragues;   Jacqueline de Bueil;   Charlotte de Essart   3. Louis Charles de Bourbon,   b. 1554   d. Yes, date unknown   4. Madeleine de Bourbon,   b. 1556   d. Yes, date unknown   5. Catherine de Bourbon,   b. 1558   d. 1604  (Age 46 years) ▻ Duc Henri de Lorraine + 6. Jean de Navarra   d. Yes, date unknown ▻ Perette Barat
  Person ID	I7234	Geneagraphie
  Last Modified	9 Oct 2002

  
  

  Father	Rey Antoine de Bourbon de Vendôme,   b. 1518   d. 1562 (Age 44 years)
  Mother	Reine Jeanne d' Albret, III,   b. 1528   d. 2 Jul 1572 (Age 44 years)
  Marriage	1548
  Family ID	F3042	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family 1	Marguerite de Valois,   b. 14 May 1553, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Yvelines, France d. 27 Mar 1615, Paris, Île-de-France, France (Age 61 years)
  Marriage	18 Aug 1572	Notre-Dame, Paris, Île-de-France, France
  Type: annulment
  Family ID	F3256	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	6 Oct 2002

  
  

  Family 2	Maria di Medici,   b. 26 Apr 1573, Firenze, Toscana, Italia d. 3 Jul 1642, Cologne (Age 69 years)
  Marriage	27 Dec 1600	Lyons
  Children	+ 1. Roy Louis de France, XIII, 'the Just',   b. 27 Sep 1601, Fontainebleau, Seine et Marne, France d. 14 May 1643, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Yvelines, France (Age 41 years) + 2. Elisabeth (Isabel) de Bourbon,   b. 22 Nov 1602, Fontainebleau, Seine et Marne, France d. 6 Oct 1644, Madrid, España (Age 41 years) + 3. Christine Marie de Bourbon,   b. 10 Feb 1606, Le Louvre, Paris, Île-de-France, France d. 27 Dec 1663, Turino, Italia (Age 57 years)   4. Nicolas de France,   b. 1607   d. 1611 (Age 4 years) + 5. Duc Gaston Jean Baptiste de France,   b. 25 Apr 1608, Fontainebleau, Seine et Marne, France d. 2 Feb 1660, Blois, Loir-et-Cher, France (Age 51 years) + 6. Henriette Maria de Bourbon,   b. 25 Nov 1609   d. 31 Aug 1669 (Age 59 years)
  Family ID	F2846	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	29 Aug 2000

  
  

  Family 3	Gabrielle d' Estrées,   b. 1571   d. 10 Apr 1599, Paris, Île-de-France, France (Age 28 years)
  Children	+ 1. Cesar de Bourbon,   b. 3 Jun 1594, Chateau de Coucy d. 22 Oct 1665, Paris, Île-de-France, France (Age 71 years) + 2. Catherine Henriette de Bourbon,   b. 11 Sep 1596   d. 20 Jun 1663 (Age 66 years)   3. Alexandre de Bourbon,   b. 14 Apr 1598   d. 8 Feb 1629 (Age 30 years)
  Family ID	F7131	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	6 Oct 2002

  
  

  Family 4	Marquise Catharine Henriette de Balzac d' Entragues,   b. 1579   d. 1633 (Age 54 years)
  Children	1. NN de France,   b. 1600   d. Yes, date unknown   2. Bishop Henri de Metz,   b. 1601   d. 1682 (Age 81 years)   3. Gabrielle Angélique de France,   b. 1603   d. 1627 (Age 24 years) + 4. Marquise Gabrielle-Angelique de Bourbon,   b. 1603   d. 1627 (Age 24 years)
  Family ID	F154336	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	6 Oct 2002

  
  

  Family 5	Jacqueline de Bueil   d. 1651
  Children	1. Comte Antoine de Bourbon,   b. 1607   d. 1632 (Age 25 years)
  Family ID	F154337	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	6 Oct 2002

  
  

  Family 6	Charlotte de Essart   d. 1651
  Children	1. Jeanne Baptiste de Bourbon,   b. 1608   d. 1671 (Age 63 years)   2. Marie Henriette de Bourbon,   b. 1608   d. 1629 (Age 21 years)
  Family ID	F154338	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	6 Oct 2002

  
  

• Event Map	Click to hide
  		Birth - 13 Dec 1553 - Pau, Béarn,, France Death - 14 May 1610 - Paris, Île-de-France, France  = Link to Google Earth
  Pin Legend	: Address       : Location       : City/Town       : County/Shire       : State/Province       : Country       : Not Set

  
  

• Photos

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• Notes

  THE BOURBONS The Bourbon kings came from one line of the Capetian dynasty. They first acceded to the throne of France in 1589 through Henri IV, King of Navarre, who had a claim to the throne through his father, Antoine de Bourbon, an eighth-generation descendent of Robert, the son of St. Louis. The Bourbons reigned from 1589 to 1792 and again from 1814 to 1830, giving France seven of its kings. Louis XIII and Louis XIV set up a system of government based on absolute monarchy but this was swept away by the French Revolution in 1789 during which Louis XVI was overthrown and sent to the guillotine. Yet the dynasty survived through the brothers of the deceased monarch and, during the Restoration of the monarchy in 1814 (after the Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods), Louis XVIII and Charles X reigned in their turns. After the 1830 Revolution and the abdication of Charles X, the crown passed to the Orleans line. The French Bourbon line died out in 1883 with the death of the Comte de Chambord, grandson of the last king, Charles X. However the Bourbon dynasty had many branches and has continued to exist in other countries e.g. Spain where its descendants still form the royal family. King of Navarre (1572-1610), King of France (1589-1610). Henri IV, the son of Antoine de Bourbon and Jeanne d'Albret, became the lea­der of the Calvinist party at the age of 16, after the death of Conde. When his mother died, he became King of Navarre (1572) and was married, that same year, to Marguerite de Valois, the sister of Charles IX, as a sign of reconciliation bet­ween Catholics and Protestants. Six days later, he escaped death and injury during the St. Bartolomew's Day massacre by tardily converting to the Roman Catholic faith. In 1576, Henri of Navarre fled the court, abjured Catholicism, and took over the leadership of the Protestant army. He then fought the Catholics for several years. When Henri II's last son died in 1584, leaving Henri III on the throne but childless, Henri of Navarre became Heir Presumptive and this led to another war. After Henri III's murder on the outskirts of Paris in 1589, Henri IV became King of France but his first aim was to conquer his kingdom, where some of the popu­lation had rejected him because of his Protestant religion. He fought the Leaguers and their ally, Philip II of Spain. Henri IV defeated Mayenne, the head of the League, in Argues in 1589 and again in Ivry in 1590 but was unable to take either Paris or Rouen. Realising that religion prevented his acceptance by the entire population of France, he eventually abjured Protestantism one last time in July 1593 and had himself anointed king in Chartres in February 1594. This enabled him to make an official entry into Paris (March 1594). He had, however, to fight the last Leaguers for some considerable time before obtaining their submission. He also fought Philip II of Spain. Henry IV was victorious in Fontaine-Frangaise (1595) but fighting continued in the north of France until 1598. The two monarchs then signed the Treaty of Vervins which confirmed the conditions laid down in Cateau-Cambresis and restored peace between Spain and France. In the same year, Henri IV brought religious peace to a country tired of fighting, through the Edict of Nantes (April) which gave Protestants freedom of conscience and freedom of worship. From 1598 onwards, royal authority was gradually restored, after being seriously called into question during 36 years of civil war. The king showed his authority by refraining from convening the States General, reducing claims from Parliaments and putting down, with great severity, any attempted revolt on the part of the nobility (Marechal de Biron was executed in 1602). In order to ensure Hat he had the loyalty of his public servants, he promulgated the Edict of La Paulette which required them to pay for what then became hereditary offices (1604). His work to redress the situation in France also affected the economic and financial sectors. Thanks to Sully, the situation rapidly improved through a policy aimed at limiting expenditure, encouraging agriculture, developing industries and introdu­cing a mercantile system that would enrich the country. Henri IV also worked to develop maritime trade and signed a treaty with England. Finally, he encouraged the colonial conquest of Canada where Champlain founded the town of Quebec (1608). As far as foreign policy was concerned, the second part of his reign was marked only by one short war against the Duke of Savoy (1600). France was vic­torious and acquired the Bresse, Bugey, Valromey and Gex areas. In 1610, Henri IV intended to launch a new war against the imperial army but he was assassina­ted by a fanatic, Ravaillac. In lS99, he had obtained the annulment of his marria­ge to Marguerite de Valois; he married Marie de Medici in the following year. This marriage produced Louis XIII and Gaston d'Orleans. The `'gay old spark" also had a number of mistresses including Gabrielle d'Estrees and Henriette d'Entragues, and a large number of illegitimate children whom he legitimised. Henri IV has remained the most popular of the French monarchs. ************************************************** first Bourbon king of France, was the son of Antoine de Bourbon and Jeanne d'Albret. On her death he succeeded to the kingdom of Navarre (1572). He took leadership of the Huguenot (Protestant) party in 1569. His marriage in 1572 with Marguerite de Valois was the occasion for the massacre of St. Bartholomew's Day. Henri saved his life by abjuring Protestantism, but in 1576 he escaped from his virtual imprisonment at court and returned to Protestantism. When in 1584 Henri III named him heir presumptive, the Catholic League, headed by Henri 3rd Duc de Guise refused to recognize him and persuaded Henri III to send an army to force his conversion. In the resulting "War of the Three Henries," Henry de Navarre defeated Henri III at Coutras (1587) but came to the king's support in the troubles of 1588, and after Henri III's death (1589) defeated the League forces at Arques (1589) and Ivrey (1590); he was unable to enter Paris until 1594, after he had abjured Protestantism -- allegedly with the remark, "Paris is well worth a Mass." His war with Spain, the ally of the League, ended in 1598 with the Treaty of Vervins. In 1598 he also established religious toleration through the Edict of Nantes. With his minister Sully he spent the rest of his reign restoring order, industry, and trade. His slogan, "A chicken in every peasant's pot every Sunday," has remained famous. In 1600 he married Marie de' Medici, having had his earlier marriage annulled. His gallantry and wit, his concern for the common people, and his exploits with the ladies have become legendary. --Columbia-Viking desk encyclopedia, 1953 **************************************************** Under Henry IV's reign, the Court was no longer to reach the matchless heights which the last of the Valois had wanted to give it. The king being too busy in reest­tablishing harmony between his subjects, forsook the luxury res­idences of the Val de Loire which no longer seemed to match tastes of that period. His son, Louis XIII, was still to come to Amboise or Chambord from time to time, but only to satisfy his liking for both hunting and solitude. In Blois, he was to exile his mother who succeeded in escaping, then he offered the estate to his brother Gaston so that he was no threat to his power. At the time of the Fronde, organised grand celebrations in Chambord. In the guard room, Moliere and his troupe staged " Monsieur de Pourceaugnac". Yet the young king, mortally offended by Fouquet's luxury - his financial secretary, castellan of Vaux le Vicomte, was soon only to be concerned with building Versailles in order to give proof of an absolute monarchy.