King George III von Hannover

1738 - 1820  (81 years)    Has more than 100 ancestors and more than 100 descendants in this family tree.

• Name	George III von Hannover
  Prefix	King
  Birth	4 Jun 1738	Norfolk House, St.James's Square, London
  Gender	Male
  Death	29 Jan 1820	Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England
  Burial	St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle
  Siblings	8 Siblings
  + 1. Prinzess Augusta von Hannover,   b. 31 Jul 1737, St James Palace d. 23 Mar 1813, Hanover Square, Westminster, London, England  (Age 75 years) ▻ Herzog Karl II Wilhelm Ferdinand von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel,  m. 16 Jan 1764 + 2. King George III von Hannover,   b. 4 Jun 1738, Norfolk House, St.James's Square, London d. 29 Jan 1820, Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England  (Age 81 years) ▻ Hannah Lightfoot;   Herzogin Sophia Charlotte von Mecklenburg-Strelitz,  m. 8 Sep 1761   3. Edward August von Hannover,   b. 14 Mar 1739, Norfolk House, St.James's Square, London d. 17 Sep 1767, Monaco  (Age 28 years)   4. Elizabeth Caroline von Hannover,   b. 30 Dec 1740, Norfolk House, St.James's Square, London d. 4 Sep 1759, Kew Palace, London, Middlesex, England  (Age 18 years) + 5. Duke William Henry von Hannover,   b. 14 Nov 1743, Leicester House, London, Middlesex, England d. 25 Aug 1805, Gloucester House, Grosvenor Square, Westminster, Middlesex, England  (Age 61 years) ▻ Duchess Maria Walpole,  m. 6 Sep 1766 ;   Almeria Carpenter + 6. Admiral Duke Henry Frederick von Hannover,   b. 27 Oct 1745, Leicester House, London, Middlesex, England d. 18 Sep 1790, Cumberland House  (Age 44 years) ▻ Olive Wilmot,  m. 04 Mar 1767 ;   Anne Luttrell,  m. 02 Oct 1771 ;   Henrietta Vernon   7. Louise Anne von Hannover,   b. 8 Mar 1749, Leicester House, London, Middlesex, England d. 13 May 1768, Carlton House, London  (Age 19 years)   8. Frederick William von Hannover,   b. 13 May 1750, Leicester House, London, Middlesex, England d. 29 Dec 1765, Leicester House, London, Middlesex, England  (Age 15 years) + 9. Caroline Matilda von Hannover,   b. 11 Jul 1751, Leicester House, London, Middlesex, England d. 10 May 1775, Celle, Niedersachsen, Deutschland  (Age 23 years) ▻ Konge Christain VII af Danmark,  m. 8 Nov 1766 ;   Johann Friedrich Struensee
  Person ID	I5083	Geneagraphie
  Links To	This person is also George III of the United Kingdom at Wikipedia
  Last Modified	29 Aug 2000

  
  

  Father	Kurfürst Friedrich Ludwig von Hannover,   b. 20 Jan 1707, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Deutschland d. 20 Mar 1751, Leicester House, London (Age 44 years)
  Mother	Augusta von Sachsen-Gotha-Altenau,   b. 30 Nov 1719, Gotha d. 8 Feb 1772, Carlton House, London (Age 52 years)
  Marriage	8 May 1736	Royal chapel, St. James's Palace, London
  Family ID	F2061	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family 1	Hannah Lightfoot   d. Yes, date unknown
  Family ID	F68681	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	17 May 2003

  
  

  Family 2	Herzogin Sophia Charlotte von Mecklenburg-Strelitz,   b. 19 May 1744, Mirow d. 17 Nov 1818, Kew Palace, London (Age 74 years)
  Marriage	8 Sep 1761	Royal Chapel, St James Palace, London
  Children	+ 1. King George Augustus Frederick Guelph von Hannover, IV,   b. 12 Aug 1762, St James Palace d. 26 Jun 1830, Windsor, Berkshire, England (Age 67 years) + 2. Duke Frederick August von Hannover,   b. 16 Aug 1763, St James Palace d. 5 Jan 1827, London, Middlesex, England (Age 63 years) + 3. King William IV Henry von Hannover,   b. 21 Aug 1765, Buckingham House, Westminster, Middlesex, England d. 20 Jun 1837, Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England (Age 71 years) + 4. Charlotte Augusta von Hannover,   b. 29 Sep 1766, Buckingham House d. 6 Oct 1828, Ludwigsburg (Age 62 years) + 5. Edward August von Hannover,   b. 2 Nov 1767, Buckingham House d. 23 Jan 1820, Sidmouth, Devon, England (Age 52 years)   6. Princess Augusta Sophia von Hannover,   b. 8 Nov 1768, London, Middlesex, England d. 22 Sep 1840, London, Clarence House (Age 71 years)   7. Prinzessin Elizabeth von Hannover,   b. 22 May 1770, Buckingham House d. 10 Jan 1840, Frankfurt am Main, Hessen, Deutschland (Age 69 years) + 8. König Ernst August von Hannover,   b. 5 Jun 1771, Queen's House d. 18 Nov 1851, Herrenhausen (Age 80 years) + 9. August Frederick von Hannover,   b. 27 Jan 1773, Buckingham House d. 21 Apr 1843, Kensington Palace, Kensington, Middlesex, England (Age 70 years) + 10. Duke Adolphus Friedrich von Hannover,   b. 24 Feb 1774, Buckingham House d. 8 Jul 1850, Cambridge House (Age 76 years)   11. Mary von Hannover,   b. 25 Apr 1776, Queen's House d. 30 Apr 1857, Gloucester House (Age 81 years)   12. Princess Sophie von Hannover,   b. 3 Nov 1777, London, Buckingham Palace d. 27 May 1848, Vicarage Place, Kensington, London, Middlesex, England (Age 70 years)   13. Octavius von Hannover,   b. 23 Feb 1779, Queen's House d. 3 May 1783, Kew Palace, London, Middlesex, England (Age 4 years)   14. Prince Alfred von Hannover,   b. 22 Sep 1780, Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England d. 20 Aug 1782, Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England (Age 1 year)   15. Amalie Princess von Hannover,   b. 7 Aug 1783, Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England d. 2 Nov 1810, Augusta Lodge, Windsor, Berkshire, England (Age 27 years)
  Family ID	F2066	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	11 Sep 2002

  
  

• Event Map	Click to hide
  		Death - 29 Jan 1820 - Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England  = Link to Google Earth
  Pin Legend	: Address       : Location       : City/Town       : County/Shire       : State/Province       : Country       : Not Set

  
  

• Photos

  5083.gif

  
  

  Documents

  Foundation of the Transport Board 1794 by George III

  
  

• Notes

  He became heir to the throne on the death of his father in 1751, succeeding his grandfather, George II, in 1760. He was the third Hanoverian monarch and the first one to be born in England and to use English as his first language. George III is widely remembered for two things: losing the American colonies and going mad. This is far from the whole truth. George's direct responsibility for the loss of the colonies is not great. He opposed their bid for independence to the end, but he did not develop the policies (such as the Stamp Act of 1765 and the Townshend duties of 1767 on tea, paper and other products) which led to war in 1775-76 and which had the support of Parliament. These policies were largely due to the financial burdens of garrisoning and administering the vast expansion of territory brought under the British Crown in America, the costs of a series of wars with France and Spain in North America, and the loans given to the East India Company (then responsible for administering India). By the 1770s, and at a time when there was no income tax, the national debt required an annual revenue of £4 million to service it. The declaration of American independence on 4 July 1776, the end of the war with the surrender by British forces in 1782, and the defeat which the loss of the American colonies represented, could have threatened the Hanoverian throne. However, George's strong defence of what he saw as the national interest and the prospect of long war with revolutionary France made him, if anything, more popular than before. The American war, its political aftermath and family anxieties placed great strain on George in the 1780s. After serious bouts of illness in 1788-89 and again in 1801, George became permanently deranged in 1810. He was mentally unfit to rule in the last decade of his reign; his eldest son - the later George IV - acted as Prince Regent from 1811. Some medical historians have said that George III's mental instability was caused by a hereditary physical disorder called porphyria. George's accession in 1760 marked a significant change in royal finances. Since 1697, the monarch had received an annual grant of £700,000 from Parliament as a contribution to the Civil List, i.e. civil government costs (such as judges' and ambassadors' salaries) and the expenses of the Royal Household. In 1760, it was decided that the whole cost of the Civil List should be provided by Parliament in return for the surrender of the hereditary revenues by the King for the duration of his reign. (This arrangement still applies today, although civil government costs are now paid by Parliament, rather than financed directly by the monarch from the Civil List.) The first 25 years of George's reign were politically controversial for reasons other than the conflict with America. The King was accused by some critics, particularly Whigs (a leading political grouping), of attempting to reassert royal authority in an unconstitutional manner. In fact, George took a conventional view of the constitution and the powers left to the Crown after the conflicts between Crown and Parliament in the 17th century. Although he was careful not to exceed his powers, George's limited ability and lack of subtlety in dealing with the shifting alliances within the Tory and Whig political groupings in Parliament meant that he found it difficult to bring together ministries which could enjoy the support of the House of Commons. His problem was solved first by the long-lasting ministry of Lord North (1770-82) and then, from 1783, by Pitt the Younger, whose ministry lasted until 1801. George III was the most attractive of the Hanoverian monarchs. He was a good family man (there were 15 children) and devoted to his wife, Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, for whom he bought the Queen's House (later enlarged to become Buckingham Palace). However, his sons disappointed him and, after his brothers made unsuitable secret marriages, the Royal Marriages Act of 1772 was passed at George's insistence. (Under this Act, the Sovereign must give consent to the marriage of any lineal descendant of George II, with certain exceptions.) Being extremely conscientious, George read all government papers and sometimes annoyed his ministers by taking such a prominent interest in government and policy. His political influence could be decisive. In 1801, he forced Pitt the Younger to resign when the two men disagreed about whether Roman Catholics should have full civil rights. George III, because of his coronation oath to maintain the rights and privileges of the Church of England, was against the proposed measure. One of the most cultured of monarchs, George started a new royal collection of books (65,000 of his books were later given to the British Museum, as the nucleus of a national library) and opened his library to scholars. In 1768, George founded and paid the initial costs of the Royal Academy of Arts (now famous for its exhibitions). He was the first king to study science as part of his education (he had his own astronomical observatory), and examples of his collection of scientific instruments can now be seen in the Science Museum. George III also took a keen interest in agriculture, particularly on the crown estates at Richmond and Windsor, being known as 'Farmer George'. In his last years, physical as well as mental powers deserted him and he became blind. He died at after a reign of almost 60 years - the second longest in British history. Koning van Engeland 1760-1820, sedert 1814 Koning van Hannover. Vanaf 1881 krankzinnig. Georg III. König von Großbritannien, Churfürst von Hannover, ab 1814/15 König von Hannover. Georg III. wurde bereits mit 22 Jahren König von Großbritannien und Churfürst von Hannover. Während seiner 60jährigen Regierungszeit besuchte er aber das Churfürstentum Hannover niemals. Er unterstütze sein Stammland vornehmlich in landwirschaftlichen Fragen. Außerdem ließ er seine sechs jüngeren Söhne in Hannover ausbilden.1763 ernannte König Georg III. seinen Schwager Karl Herzog von Mecklenburg-Strelitz zum Generalgouverneur von Chur-Hannover. Im Churfürstentum regierten aber aufgrund der Abwesenheit des Landesherren hauptsächlich die Räte aus wenigen Adelsfamilien. Unter der Herrschaft Georg III. stieg Großbritannien zur Weltmacht auf. Die amerikanischen Kolonien gehörten von 1763 -1783 zur britischen Krone. König Georg III. war wie sein langjähriger Premierminister William Pitt der Jüngere ein Gegner des revolutionären und napoleonischen Frankreichs. Im hohen Alter litt König Georg III. an einer Stoffwechselerkrankung mit dem Namen Porpherie. Aus diesem Grund übernahm sein ältester Sohn der spätere König Georg IV. in der Zeit von 1788-1789 und 1811 endgültig die Regierungsgeschäfte als Prinzregent. König Georg III. überlebte aber noch die Rangerhöhung Hannovers zum Königreich 1814/15. Aus seiner glücklichen Ehe mit Charlotte Prinzessin von Mecklenburg-Strelitz hatte er 15 Kinder.