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8. | John de la Poer Beresford was born on 14 Mar 1738 (son of Earl Marcus Beresford and Baroness Katherine Power); died on 5 Nov 1805. Notes:
He was educated at Trinity College graduating in 1757, before entering parliament in 1760.
He became a Commissioner of Revenue in 1770 and First Commissioner in 1780.
He was Prime Minister Pitt's principal Irish advisor and wielded considerable influence in Ireland both through his position and family connections.
Beresford was notorious for filling positions with family connections or friends and ensured that the Lord Lieutenant Carlisle and Chief Secretary Eden lived on in street and bridge names after they had left Ireland. When Lord Fitzwilliam came to Ireland as Lord Lieutenant in 1795, he found that Beresford 'was filling a situation greater than that of the Lord Lieutenant' and that he was virtually 'King of Ireland'.
As a Wide Streets Commissioner, Beresford was responsible for bringing the architect James Gandon to Dublin to design the Custom House and in his role as the First Commissioner of Revenue he enjoyed the privilege of apartments in the completed building. This apartment were in the north eastern pavilion.
After the 1798 rebellion, Beresford was sufficiently unsettled to turn the stables to the rear of Tyrone House into a torturing barracks. It is for this unfortunate lapse from genial stroke puller and political manoeuvrer into barbarity that he is mainly remembered rather than for bringing James Gandon to Ireland.
The curved terrace of Beresford Place that faces the north front of the Custom House is named after him and faces the apartments that he once inhabited.
Busáras
It requires the greatest call on Christian charity to have to fight for a building with those officials of Departments of State who are merely administrators of a branch of fluctuating government power and who yet impose their personal whims on permanent buildings.(Michael Scott, 1955, p. 63)
Busáras is situated behind James Gandon's masterpiece, the Custom House (1781-1791) and beside Beresford Place (1795-1800). The Custom House is considered architecturally the most important building in Dublin and is sited on the river front with Beresford Place to the rear. Beresford Place is a short curving terrace of five houses built on an axis with the central dome of the Custom House. The terrace was designed by Gandon in 1790 but was much simplified from his designs in execution.
The Custom House was the first major public building built in Dublin as an isolated structure with four monumental façades. The eighteenth century was a period of great confidence in Dublin, with the former countryside to the north east of the medieval city being developed by the Fitzwilliam and Gardiner Estates in a series of wide streets and squares, and the work of the Wide Streets Commissioners in laying out the great civic set pieces like Parliament Street through the heart of the old city. The site chosen for the new Custom House met with much opposition from city merchants who feared that its move down the river would lessen the value of their properties while making the property owners to the east wealthier. The previous Custom House (Thomas Burgh, 1707) had being sited upriver at Essex Quay. The decision to built further down river was forced by the Rt. Hon. John Beresford (1738-1805) who was appointed Chief Commissioner from 1780 onwards and was instrumental in bringing James Gandon to Ireland.
Beresford favoured shifting the city centre eastwards from the Capel - Parliament Street axis towards a new axis on College Green with Sackville Street and the construction of a new bridge linking the two sides. Naturally this was supported by the Fitzwilliam and Gardiner Estates who had much to gain. Luke Gardiner was also a Commissioner and a brother-in-law of Beresford. The Custom House was built on land reclaimed from the estuary of the Liffey when the Wide Streets Commissioners started to construct the Quays. The line of the crescent that surrounds the Custom House follows roughly the line of the old North Strand along the estuary before the construction of the Quays.
On the northside of the river Liffey, it was the Gardiner Estate that held much of the property and was responsible for developing Drogheda Street into the wide boulevard that became Sackville Street (now O'Connell Street). The Gardiners then proceeded to develop streets to the north of this with Rutland Square (now Parnell Square) and Cavendish Row. As construction of the Custom House went ahead, Luke Gardiner drew up plans for an axial street leading from the new Custom House Crescent to a new symmetrical square they proposed to build on high ground to the north. This street became Gardiner Street (1787 onwards) and the square was named Mountjoy Square (1792-1818). This is shown on one of the proposed designs for Mountjoy Square with a note: "Gardiner's Street extending in a right line from the centre of the new Custom House". This is a distance of some three quarters of a mile, and until the completion of the Loop Line Railway bridge, the Custom House presented a magnificent ending for the vista.
Prior to this period, Lower Abbey Street was a country lane which meandered between Sackville Street and the North Strand. The old Eden Quay area followed the irregular shoreline of the river estuary. It was felt by the Wide Streets Commissioners that this should be rectified and so Abbey Street Lower and Eden Quay were driven straight through from Sackville Street to end in the new crescent allowing the Custom House to close the vista. There was also discussion about constructing a new avenue to radiate from the Custom House to the Royal Barracks (now called Collins Barracks) nearly two miles away. The other street intersecting with the crescent, Store Street West, was placed on an axis originating in the dome of the Custom House. At the time of the Custom House construction, this area was largely unbuilt land and Store Street was laid out as a short street of the same width as Gardiner Street merely for symmetry in much the same way that the Gardiners laid out Belvedere Place from Mountjoy Square as a dead-end.
John married Anne Constantia de Ligondes on 12 Nov 1760. Anne (daughter of Gen. Claude François du Ligondès and Antoinette du Ligondes) died on 26 Oct 1770. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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34. | Earl James la Poer was born in 1667 (son of Earl Richard Power and Dorothy Annesley); died on 19 Aug 1704. Notes:
3rd Earl of Tyrone
created Earl of Tyrone in 1746
was governor of the county and city of Waterford;
and 13 December 1692 married Anne, elder daughter, and (with her sister Elizabeth, wife to James May, of Mayfield, Esq.) coheir to Andrew Rickards, of Dangan-Spidoge in the county of Kilkenny, Esq. (who died 18 August 1693, by his wife Anne, daughter and heir to Rev. Thomas Hooke of Dangan-Spidoge, D.D. who by his will dated 10 October 1671, proved 3 August 1572, devised to his wife Anne, the town and lands of Dangan-Spidoge, which he purchased in the name of Ashburnham, Esq. for life upon condition that she should within 6 months after his decease, make a lease thereof to his daughter Anne, wife of Andrew Rickards, during both their lives, at the annual rent of Sol. remainder after her decease to his said daughter and her heirs for ever;
he also gave unto his said wife his house in the great cloyster of Christ Church of Chichester, called by the name of Mortimers Chantry, to her and her heirs, and the leale of the farm which he holds of the church of Chichester, and gave her 20 old gold pieces, and a little box of gold, and wills her not to part with it, but to leave it to her daughter Anne, and by her, who in July 1716 remarried with George Mathew, of Thomastown in Tipperary, Esq. and died at the Bath 26 september 1754
James married Anne Rickard on 13 Dec 1692. Anne (daughter of Andrew Rickard and Anne Hooke) died on 26 Sep 1729 in Bath, Somerset, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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44. | John French (son of Dominick French and Anne King); died in 1734. Notes:
In 1690 he was attainted by King James II's Dublin Parliament
fought in the Battle of Aughrim in 1691, where he commanded a Williamite troop of Enniskillen Dragoons
Member of Parliament (M.P.) for Carrick-on-Shannon in 1695
purchased most of the estate of Major Owen O'Connor, of Ballinagar, bought from the Trustees of Fofeited Estates in 1703
Member of Parliament (M.P.) for County Galway in 1710
Member of Parliament (M.P.) for Tulsk in 1715
Member of Parliament (M.P.) for Tulsk in 1722
Name:
AKA: 'Tierna More' the great landowner
John married Anne Gore. Anne (daughter of Arthur Gore and Eleanor St. George) and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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