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Rey Alfonso IV de Castilla

Male 1291 - 1357  (66 years)    Has more than 100 ancestors and more than 100 descendants in this family tree.

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  • Name Alfonso IV de Castilla 
    Prefix Rey 
    Birth 8 Feb 1291 
    Gender Male 
    Death 28 May 1357 
    Siblings 1 Sibling 
    Person ID I20287  Geneagraphie | Ahnen BvS
    Last Modified 19 Mar 2010 

    Father Rey Dionysius de Castilla,   b. 9 Oct 1261, Lisboa, Estradamura, Portugal Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 7 Jan 1325 (Age 63 years) 
    Mother Isabella d' Aragón   d. 4 Jul 1336 
    Marriage 24 Jun 1282  Barcelona, Cataluña, España Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Family ID F6865  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family Beatrix de Castilla   d. Yes, date unknown 
    Children 
    +1. Maria de Portugal,   b. 1313   d. 18 Jan 1357, Evora Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 44 years)
    +2. Rey Pedro I de Castilla,   b. 18 Apr 1320, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 18 Jan 1367, Estremos Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 46 years)
     3. Leonor de Portugal,   b. 1328   d. 1348 (Age 20 years)
    Family ID F6866  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
    Last Modified 19 Mar 2010 

  • Photos Photos (Log in)Photos (Log in)

  • Notes 
    • seventh king of Portugal and the Algarve from 1325 until his death. He was the only legitimate son of Dinis of Portugal by his wife Elizabeth of Aragon .
      Afonso, born in Lisbon , was the rightful heir to the Portuguese throne. However, he was not, according to several sources, Dinis' favourite son; his half-brother, the illegitimate Afonso Sanches , enjoyed full royal favour. From early in life, the notorious rivalry led to several outbreaks of civil war . On 7 January 1325, Afonso's father died and he became king, taking full revenge on his brother. His rival was sentenced to exile in Castile , and stripped of all the lands and fiefdoms donated by their common father. Afonso Sanches, however, did not sit still. From Castile, he orchestrated a series of attempts to usurp the crown for himself. After a few failed attempts at invasion, both brothers signed a peace treaty, arranged by Afonso's mother Queen Elizabeth.
      In 1309, Afonso IV married Infanta Beatrice of Castile , daughter of King Sancho IV of Castile by his wife Maria de Molina . The first-born of this union, Infanta Maria of Portugal , married King Alfonso XI of Castile in 1328, at the same time that Afonso IV's heir, Peter I of Portugal , was promised to another Castilian infanta, Constance of Penafiel . These arrangements were imperiled by the ill will of Alfonso XI of Castile, who was, at the time, publicly mistreating his wife. Afonso IV was not happy to see his daughter abused, and started a war against Castile. Peace arrived four years later, with the intervention of Infanta Maria herself. A peace treaty was signed in Seville in 1339 and, in the next year, Portuguese troops played an important role in the victory of the Battle of Rio Salado over the Marinid Moors in October 1340.
      The last part of Afonso IV's reign is marked not by open warfare against Castile, but by political intrigue. Civil war between King Pedro of Castile and his half-brother Henry of Trastamara led to the exile of many Castilian nobles to Portugal . These immigrants immediately created a faction among the Portuguese court, aiming at privileges and power that, somehow, could compensate what they lost at home. The faction grew in power, especially after Inês de Castro , daughter of an important nobleman and maid of the Crown Princess Constance , became the lover of her lady's husband: Peter , the heir of Portugal. Afonso IV was displeased with his son's choice of lovers, and hoped that the relationship would be a futile one. Unfortunately for internal politics, it was not. Peter was openly in love with Ines, recognized all the children she bore, and, worst of all, favoured the Castilians that surrounded her. Moreover, after his wife's death in 1349, Peter refused the idea of marrying anyone other than Ines herself.
      The situation became worse as the years passed and the aging Afonso lost control over his court. Peter's only male heir, future king Fernando of Portugal , was a sickly child, while the illegitimate children sired with Ines thrived. Worried about his legitimate grandson's life, and the growing power of Castile within Portugal's borders, Afonso ordered the murder of Inês de Castro in 1355. He expected his son to give in, but the heir was not able to forgive him for the act. Enraged at the barbaric act, Peter put himself at the head of an army and devastated the country between the Douro and the Minho rivers before he was reconciled to his father in early 1357. Afonso died almost immediately after, in Lisbon in May
      As king, Afonso IV is remembered as a soldier and a valiant general, hence the nickname the Brave. But perhaps his most important contribution was the importance he gave to the Portuguese navy . Afonso IV granted public funding to raise a proper commercial fleet and ordered the first maritime explorations. The Canary Islands (today a part of Spain ) were discovered during his reign



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